Timeline of Ancient Egypt (3100-30 B.C.)
3100-2950 B.C. - Late Predynastic Period
Earliest known hieroglyphic writing
Foundation of the Egyptian state
2950-2575 B.C. - The Early Dynastic Period (1st-3rd Dynasties)
Creation of the capital city of Memphis
Intensive contact with Palestine
The first pyramid is built - the Step Pyramid at Saqqara
2575-2150 B.C. - The Old Kingdom (4th-8th Dynasties)
The Great Pyramids are built at Dahshur and Giza
Pyramids and elite tombs include the first extensive inscriptions
2125-1975 B.C. - The 1st Intermediate Period (9th-11th Dynasties)
Egypt splits into two smaller states, ruled from Memphis in the north and Thebes in the south
1975-1640 B.C. - The Middle Kingdom (11th-14th Dynasties)
Mentuhotep reunites Egypt
Amenemhat I founds a new royal residence near Memphis
Egypt conquers Lower Nubia under Senwosret I and III
Classical period of art and literature
1630- 1520 B.C. - The 2nd Intermediate Period (15th-17th Dynasties)
Hyksos kings seize power in the north
Theban 17th dynasty in the south
1539-1075 B.C. - The New Kingdom (18th-20th Dynasties)
Egyptian empire in Near East and Nubia
Elaborate tombs of the Valley of Kings
Rule of woman pharaoh Hatshepsut
King Akhenaten attempts to introduce a monotheistic religion
Brief reign of Tutankhamun
Ramesses II rules for 67 years
1075-715 B.C. - The 3rd Intermediate Period (21st-25th Dynasties)
Disunity and Libyan settlement in Egypt
Nubians conquer Egypt (late 8th century)
715-332 B.C. - The Late Period (20th-30th Dynasties, 2nd Persian Period)
Egypt conquered briefly by Assyrians
Cultural revival under kings from Sais
Persian conquest of Egypt (525 B.C.)
Egypt independent again (404-343 B.C.)
332 B.C.-395 A.D. - Greco-Roman Period (Macedonians, Ptolemies, and Romans)
Alexander the Great occupies Egypt
Alexander's general, Ptolemy, becomes king and founds a dynasty
The Rosetta Stone is carved (196 B.C.)
Cleopatra VII reigns (51-30 B.C.)
Egypt becomes a province of the Roman Empire (30 B.C.)
(adapted from BBC- The Egyptians, with additions.)