2002 Ad Fontes Certamen
Level II - Round Three

1. What musician followed his wife to the Underworld and successfully pled for her to be allowed to accompany back to the world of the living? Orpheus.
Bonus: What was his wife's name? Eurydice.

2. There were many types of togae. Please explain three of them. Toga virilis/libera/pura (assumed at manhood), toga praetexta (worn by boys and senators), toga sordida/pulla (worn in mourning), toga picta (worn by victorious general), toga candida (worn by candidate for office), toga trabea (striped toga worn by priests), toga purpurea (worn by emperors), toga muliebris (worn by prostitutes).
Bonus: Now explain two more.

3. Give the accusative singular of the third person reflexive pronoun. se or sese.
Bonus: What is the form of the reflexive possessive adjective? suus, -a, -um.

4. What woman was so quick on her feet that she would challenge her suitors to a race, with pretty dire consequences if they lost? Atalanta.
Bonus: Hippomenes managed to win the race with the help of what special items given to him by what goddess? Golden apples / Aphrodite.

5. When a person died in Rome, what was done for him to ensure his passage into the Underworld? Coins on the eyes / in the mouth.
Bonus: Yes, he had to pay the ferryman, Charon, for his passage. What was the river he was ferried across? Styx.

6. Which king allegedly created the religious institutions of Rome? Numa (Pompilius).
Bonus: Rome was founded on the Palantine. But where did Remus, Romulus' brother, want to found it? Aventine.

7. Make portamus perfect tense. Portavimus.
Bonus: Not make portavimus passive. Portati (ae, a) sumus.

8. Translate the relative pronoun in the following sentece: They saw the women whose sons were saved. Quarum.
Bonus: Translate the relative pronoun in this sentence: The temples which he saw were very beautiful. quae.

9. Whom did Hades abduct to be his wife. Persephone (Proserpina).
Bonus: They knew each other before the abduction. How were they releated? Uncle/niece.

10. List, in order,the members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero.
Bonus: List, in order, the members of the Flavian dynasty. Vespasian, Titus, Domitian.

11. In the sentence, Caesar spectavit oppidum captum, what type of participle is captum? Perfect passive.
Bonus: Now translate that sentence (repeat). Caesar was looking at (saw) the captured town.

12. Some questions we might ask will make you much happier than others. Using laetus, say "happier" in Latin. Laetior.
Bonus: To say "much happier" we would have to use the phrase multo laetior. What kind of ablative is multo? Ablative of degree of difference.

13. This certamen is on the 16th of February. What day of Febrary would have been the Ides? The 13th.
Bonus: In 4 months the Ides falls on the 15th, as the famous Ides of March. Besides March, name another month when the Ides was the 15th. May / July / October.

14. Homer knew only one, but Hesiod fixed the number of Muses at nine. Name three of them. Calliope, Erato, Melpomene, Clio, Urania, Polyhymnia, Thalia, Terpsichere, and Euterpe.
Bonus: Who was the Muses' mother? Mnemosyne.

15. Here we go to the Cinema Romanum, this time classic thriller called Silentia agnorum. Silence of the Lambs.
Bonus: Here's one more recent: Tempestas perfecta. The Perfect Storm.

16. Translate the participle in the following sentence: "I saw the footprints of the running man". Currentis.
Bonus: Make currentis plural. Currentium.

17. The kings were expelled from Rome in 510 or 509 B.C. and replaced by two consuls. Name one of the first consuls of Rome. Brutus / Collatinus.
Bonus: What office in the Republic did not follow the principle of collegiality (i.e., always having more than one person hold an office at the same time). Dictator.

18. What do the nouns mons, pars, ars, and pons have in common. 3rd decl. i-stems. (ask for more information is only half the answer is given).
Bonus: Give me an example of a neuter i-stem. Mare, animal, exemplar, etc.

19. Who were the pious couple from Phrygia rewarded for welcoming Hermes and Zeus into their humble cottage? Baucis and Philemon.
Bonus: What reward did they receive? Transformed into trees to stand as guardians of the gods' temple.

20. Which of the following does not belong? feles, ovis, agnus, animus, avis. Animus.
Bonus: Distinguish between animus and anima. Animus = mind; anima = life, breath, spirit, soul, life-force, etc.