2000 Ad Fontes Certamen
Level 1-Final Round

1. What Trojan refugee while on his way to Italy undutifully delayed with the Dido, the queen of Carthage? Aeneas.

Bonus 1: What was Dido's other name? Elissa.

Bonus 2: What messenger finally succeeded in causing Aeneas to renew his journey? Mercury.

2. Translate into Latin "Aeneas was sailing to Italy for seven years." Aeneas ad Italiam septem annos navigabat.

Bonus 1: Change that to "Aeneas will sail to Italy in seven years." Aeneas ad Italiam septem annis navigabit.

Bonus 2: What kind of construction is seen in "in seven years" ? Ablative of time within which.

3. During the year that Cicero was consul, he succeeded in saving Rome from Cataline's threat. What year was this? 63 B.C.

Bonus 1: 63 B.C. is also famous for being the year in which what future emperor was born? Augustus.

Bonus 2: During that same year, Augustus' great uncle held the office of chief priest at Rome. Who was this relative, and what office did he hold? Julius Caesar, Pontifex Maximus.

4. Who in Rome wore the toga picta? Victorious generals.

Bonus 1: What color was this toga? Purple.

Bonus 2: What toga was shining white, having been rubbed with chalk? Toga candida.

5. Translate the verb in the following sentence: Lucius and I were sitting in the garden. Sedebamus.

Bonus 1: Give the Latin equivalent for "Lucius and I" Ego et Lucius (do not accept "Lucius et ego").

Bonus 2: Translate the ablative of accompaniment in this sentence: Lucius was sitting with me in the garden. Mecum.

6. What son of Aeneas founded the city of Alba Longa? Ascanius/Iulus.

Bonus 1: What city did Aeneas found in Italy? Lavinium.

Bonus 2: After whom was Lavinium named? Lavinia, Aeneas' Italian wife.

7. What king is credited with establishing the religious customs of ancient Rome? Numa Pompilius.

Bonus 1: One of Numa's projects was the construction of a temple that would signify the alternations of war and peace. To what god was this temple dedicated? Janus.

Bonus 2: The doors of this temple were closed to signify that Rome was at peace with all her enemies. After what event in the late republic were the doors of the temple closed? The Battle of Actium.

8. Lucius Junius Brutus and Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus were the first two consuls of Rome. What is the Roman term for the name that they have in common? Praenomen.

Bonus 1: What were their gens or clan names? Junius and Tarquinius.

Bonus 2: What is the term for the names by which we usually refer to them, Brutus and Collatinus. Cognomen (cognomina).

9. Give the Latin form and the English meaning of the 3rd person singular pluperfect active indicative of the verb from which we get the English word vulnerable. Vulneraverat / he had wounded.

Bonus 1: Now make that passive: "he had been wounded". Vulneratus erat.

Bonus 2: Now the same for the future passive. Vulnerabitur.

10. Translate the following sentence: Marcus Sextum de fenestra iecit. Marcus threw Sextus out of the window.

Bonus 1: Give the Latin root and English meaning of our word "celerity." Celeritas- swiftness, speed.

Bonus 2: Give the Latin noun for our word pulchritude, meaning beauty. Pulchritudo.

11. A very famous mosaic discovered in the House of the Faun in Pompeii shows a dog and a Latin inscription. What is the Latin inscription and its English meaning? Cave canem, Beware of the dog.

Bonus 1: The House of the Faun is so called because of a statue of a Faun in the courtyard. What is a faun? Half man, half goat.

Bonus 2: What famous faun invented the musical instrument of shepherds' pipes? Pan.

12. Between 264 and 146 B.C. Rome waged what series of wars against another major power in the Mediterranean? The Punic Wars.

Bonus 1: What was the prize Rome won in the 1st Punic War? Sicily.

Bonus 2: What did Rome gain at the end of the 2nd Punic War? Spain.

13. What Titan brought fire to mankind? Prometheus.

Bonus 1: How was Prometheus punished for this crime? He was chained to a cliff, and his liver was eaten daily by an eagle.

Bonus 2: What brother of Prometheus was given a wife by the gods? Epimetheus.

14. If you went to Sunday School when you were little, you probably learned that God is all-knowing, and your teacher may have even taught you the fancy word "omniscient." Most of you probably didn't learn, though it wouldn't have been a bad thing, the word to describe man. What does "parviscient" mean? Knowing little.

Bonus 1: What's little on a parvifoliate tree? Leaves.

Bonus 2: How do you say "littlest" in Latin? Minimus, a, um.

15. There's an old abbreviation that used to be used on invitations and other such things. It was D.V. and was used to indicate that the plan would come to pass only if circumstances beyond the planners control allowed. Give the Latin words and English meaning of this abbreviation. Deo volente ­ God willing.

Bonus 1: What part of speech is volente? Be specific. Present active participle.

Bonus 2: What kind of construction is Deo volente? Ablative absolute.

16. Who was the Roman general who defeated Hannibal at Zama? (Publius Cornelius) Scipio Africanus (Maior).

Bonus 1: What year did this occur? 202 B.C.

Bonus 2: Who was his grandson who finally destroyed Carthage in 146 B.C.? Publius Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus Africanus Minor (accept Scipio Africanus the Younger or Scipio Aemilianus).

17. What wily king of Corinth once handcuffed Hades and was therefore punished in the underworld by forever trying to roll a boulder up a hill? Sisyphus.

Bonus 1: What wily king of Ithaca is sometimes said to be Sisyphus' son? Odysseus/Ulysses.

Bonus 2: Who is more commonly said to be the father of Odysseus? Laertes.

18. A dormouse is not a mouse at all, but something like a squirrel, and its name has nothing to do with a door. What Latin verb with what meaning is the source of the name of these noctural animals? Dormire / to sleep.

Bonus 1: Romans had delicacies unknown in modern America. What would you be eating if you were dining upon glires? Dormice

Bonus 2: Romans of course did have mice but they didn't have house cats to catch them until the reign of Augustus. What creatures did the Romans employ for that service during the Republic? Ferrets.

19. Dic mihi nomina trium animalium. Porcus, equus, canis, feles, avis, ovis, bovis, piscis, asinus, gallina, etc.

Bonus 1: Name three more.

Bonus 2: Give three more.

20. When recognized, please perform the following command. Sta et dic duas Americanas sed non Romanas litteras. The student should stand and say J and W.

Bonus 1: Perform the following command. State omnes et cantate Anglice "Ubi, ubi ivit canis parvus meus?" The entire team should stand and sing "O where, o where has my little dog gone".

Bonus 2: Perform the following command. Ambulate circum sellas et considite. All should walk around the chairs and sit down.